ⁱSource for Stainless Steel ingot emissions, assuming 20% recycled content: https://www.worldstainless.org/files/issf/non-image-files/PDF/ISSF_Stainless_Steel_and_CO2.pdf
Source for Aluminum ingot emissions: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11367-015-1003-7
Source for Kroll ingot emissions: Gao, F., Nie, Z., Yang, D., Sun, B., Liu, Y., Gong, X., & Wang, Z. (2018). Environmental impacts analysis of titanium sponge production using Kroll process in China. Journal of Cleaner Production, 174, 771-779. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.09.240. and https://ecoinvent.org/the-ecoinvent-database/data-releases/ecoinvent-3-8/
Source for titanium powder emissions (80% recycled by plasma atomization method): https://go.6kinc.com/lca_6kadditive_report